The Mad Monarchist has a very interesting post about Maria Carolina of Austria, Marie Antoinette’s favourite sister. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, (born and died 17 September 1748) was the tenth child and the seventh daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I. She returned to Austria, where she died three years later. She is said to have encouraged plundering in Calabria by Cardinal Ruffo’s army of brigands, whose former leader, Fra Diavolo, had received a pension and an estate from her. Born on 17 September 1748, Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria was born to Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress and Francis of Lorraine. She was the second child of the couple to be named Maria Carolina. So the incredible digs were left for his son, Ferdinand (1751-1825), and his wife, Maria Carolina of Austria (1752-1814), to finish. Maria Carolina's Kingdom of Naples had also come into direct conflict with French forces led by Napoleon Bonaparte. On 6 January 1742, she married Prince Augustus William of Prussia and they had four children, though not all lived to adulthood. Subcategories. Queen consort of Ferdinand I Maria Carolina; Queen, consort of Ferdinand I, King of the Two Sicilies Maria Carolina; koningin van Napels Maria Carolina; reine de Naples Marie-Caroline; Queen of Naples Maria Carolina; Maria Carolina d'Austria; Archduchess Maria Karolina Luise Josepha Johanna Antonia; Maria Karolina von Österreich; S.M. Maria Carolina of Austria was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. Maria Carolina (1752–1814)Queen-consort of Ferdinand I, king of Naples and Sicily, who exercised the real power behind the throne . Maria Theresa´s physician Gerard van Swieten assured her that the infant was still living when baptized, but many at court doubted this. * Source for information on Maria Carolina (1752–1814): Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia dictionary. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Queen consort of Naples; Tenure: 12 May 1768 – 23 January 1799 This article is about the stillborn infant. Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Karolina Luise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. See also category: Portrait paintings of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. In 1805 Maria Carolina once more engaged Naples in a war with France, calling the British and Russian fleets to her aid, but the French again occupied the kingdom, forcing the royal family to flee to Sicily (January 1806). Maria Carolina of Austria (1752-1814), Queen consort of Naples and Sicily. After the overthrow of the republic (June 1799), the king and queen returned to Naples, where a massacre of the republic’s partisans, in violation of the peace agreement, took place, for which the royal couple must bear at least partial responsibility. Find more prominent pieces of portrait at Wikiart.org – best visual art database. Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, (born and died 17 September 1748) was the tenth child and the seventh daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I. Maria Carolina was the second of the children of Maria Theresa to bear the name: her elder sister with the same name had died in 1741 at the age of one year old. The daughter of the empress Maria Theresa of Austria, Maria Carolina married in 1768 Ferdinand IV, who allowed her to assume much of the power in the kingdom. She held the real power in Naples, and, under the influence of her favourite, Sir John Acton, 6th Baronet, who was reputed to … The Imperial family was forced to flee Vienna in 1805. Marie-Caroline of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duchess of Berry-Wikipedia. Maria Carolina of Austria – Victim of smallpox. She was born an Austrian archduchess and was a sister of Queen Marie Antoinette of France. After the British victory at the Battle of the Nile , the Queen decided to join the Second Coalition against France; [76] Austria sent General Mack to take command. The empress of Austria, Maria Theresa (1717-1780), did that very well.She had 16 children. WatzitztoCeska has uploaded 199 photos to Flickr. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. Unfortunately, even the best medicine that money could buy didn’t get you much in Vienna in 1750 —maybe a better brand of leech; thus, of her brood, five died in infancy or childhood. Maria was born with feet first and was described as a weak baby and sadly perished just after her birth on September 17, 1748 without being baptized. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! Computed Name Heading Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. For her sister, Queen of Naples, see, Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria_Carolina_of_Austria_(stillborn_1748)&oldid=1014310175, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 March 2021, at 11:06. From overcoming oppression, to breaking rules, to reimagining the world or waging a rebellion, these women of history have a story to tell. Name variations: Maria of Austria; Marie Caroline; Mary Carolina or Mary Caroline; Maria Karolina. Here’s a new article about another member of the Habsburg – Lorraine, the Archducess Maria Carolina.. Maria Carolina, (born Aug. 13, 1752, Vienna [Austria]—died Sept. 8, 1814, Vienna), queen of Naples and wife of King Ferdinand IV of Naples. As de facto ruler of her husband's kingdoms, Maria Carolina oversaw the promulgation of many reforms, including the revocation of the ban on Freemasonry, the enlargement of the navy under her favourite, John Acton, 6th Baronet, and the expulsion of Spanish influence. Find more prominent pieces of portrait at Wikiart.org – best visual art database. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The baby was buried in the Imperial Crypt. She kept an eye on being a help to Austria but she was also much taken with the fashionable trend of the liberalism of the “Enlightenment”. The baby´s body was placed in the Summer Room in Schönbrunn Palace (like other newborn children), so that the members of the court might assure themselves that she was a normal child and not malformed, but was not formally displayed. Maria Carolina of Austria. 8 September 1814) was Queen consort and "de facto" ruler of Naples from 1768 to 1799 and from 1799 to 1806, and of Sicily from 1768 until her death in 1814, though she had lost the "de facto" power in 1812. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maria-Carolina, Best of Sicily Magazine - Biography of Maria Carolina. Maria Carolina, (born Aug. 13, 1752, Vienna [Austria]—died Sept. 8, 1814, Vienna), queen of Naples and wife of King Ferdinand IV of Naples. Updates? To quote: Particularly after the birth of her son Francis she became extremely influential in Naples and ran the place to large extent. If sibling rivalry existed, Maria Carolina should … Author information: … Maria Elisabeth was a daughter of Maria Theresa and elder sister of Marie Antoinette. It was considered of the utmost importance that the child be baptized while still living, since according to traditional Catholic belief unbaptized infants would spend eternity in limbo. Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples and Sicily: a possible case of Graves’ orbitopathy This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. OnThisDay in 1780 Luise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel died. Her marriage to her cousin Philip IV was a part of a longstanding tradition of intermarriage between the Empire and Spain. Maria Carolina of Austria; Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples and Sicily, by Martin van Meytens, ca. After the sudden death in 1765 of Maria Theresa´s husband Francis I, she commissioned from Franz Anton Maulbertsch a mural in the "Giant Hall" of the Hofburg in Innsbruck. Particularly traumatic was the fact that she died during the birth, necessitating an emergency baptism. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. She returned to Austria, where she died three years later. She held the real power in Naples, and, under the influence of her favourite, Sir John Acton, 6th Baronet, who was reputed to be her lover, she adopted a pro-British, anti-French policy. The name Maria Carolina who given again in 1752 to Maria Theresa´s thirteenth child. By a clause in the marriage contract, she entered the council of state, the kingdom’s ruling body, when she had given birth to a male heir (1777). The mural shows her four daughters who died in childhood, crowned with floral wreathes and sitting on clouds: in the foreground is Johanna Gabriele, who died in 1762 from smallpox at the age of twelve, behind her Maria Elisabeth (the firstborn) at the age of three years, then Maria Carolina, who died shortly after her first birthday, and in the far background, only visible as a shadowy putto (cherub), the second Maria Carolina, who did not live an hour.[3]. Maria Carolina of Austria: Maria Carolina of Austria (;; 13 August 1752 ? Maria Carolina appears in the centre of the picture, flanked by her namesake and the eldest daughter Maria Elisabeth. Her full name was Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Joanna Antonia. The baby failed to turn in the womb and so presented feet first for birth. Maria Carolina of Austria (* 13.8.1752, O 7.4.1768, † 8.9.1814) Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Duchess consort of Parma Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor Archduchess Marie Antoinette of Austria, Queen consort of France and Navarre: Franz I, Holy Roman Emperor (* 8.12.1708, O 12.2.1736, † 18.8.1765) She was a namesake of her elder sisters — Maria Carolina, who died two weeks after her first birthday, and Maria Carolina, who died several hours after being baptised —, but she wa… Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples and Sicily: a possible case of Graves' orbitopathy J Endocrinol Invest . ‘Portrait of Maria Carolina of Austria’ was created in 1791 by Louise Elisabeth Vigee Le Brun in Rococo style. The third Maria Carolina became queen of Naples and Sicily. Maria Carolina The empress of Austria, Maria Theresa (1717-1780), did that very well. She soon brought about the downfall of the liberal minister Bernardo Tanucci and changed the court’s pro-Spanish policy to a pro-British one. She accompanied her consort and her sister-in-law, Maria Carolina of Austria, at the latter's marriage to her brother, the King of Naples: Caroline was baptised with the names of her paternal grandparents, Maria Carolina of Austria and King Ferdinand of Naples, as well as her maternal grandmother Maria Luisa, Holy Roman Empress. Portrait of Maria Carolina of Austria, c.1752-1770. Maria Luisa of Spain (1,600 words) exact match in snippet view article find links to article July 1768. Maria Carolina dari Austria (bahasa Jerman: Maria Karolina von Österreich; bahasa Italia: Maria Carolina d'Austria; dibaptis dengan nama Maria Karolina Luise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 Agustus 1752 – 8 September 1814) adalah Ratu Naples dan Sisilia sebagai istri dari Raja Ferdinand IV & III.Ia adalah penguasa de facto kerajaan-kerajaan milik suaminya Maria Carolina of Austria was born on 13 August 1752 as the daughter of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria and Francis of Lorraine. Explore WatzitztoCeska's photos on Flickr. Genealogy for Marie Caroline Ernstine Antonie Johanna Josephe Habsburg-Lothringen, Prinzessin (1740 - 1741) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Corrections? [2], Maria Theresa continued to treasure the memory of her tenth child. English: Maria Carolina of Austria (13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen consort and de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Naples from 1768 to 1799 and from 1799 to 1806, and of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1768 until her death in 1814, though she had lost the de facto power in 1812. 2017 Feb;40(2):239-240. doi: 10.1007/s40618-016-0574-x. Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. Omissions? Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Meet extraordinary women who dared to bring gender equality and other issues to the forefront. As it became evident that the child would not survive, the surrounding women began weeping and the sacrament on the altar was hurriedly prepared for worship. In continuation of our “Year of Maria Theresa” series, we take a look at the birth of (the second) Maria Carolina. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Maria Carolina of Austria, 1752-1814, Queen Consort of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. Jump to: navigation, search. She was bor... n in 1722 as the daughter of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and his wife Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Naples joined the second coalition against France, but Maria Carolina and Ferdinand had to flee before the French (December 1798), who seized Naples, making it the Parthenopean Republic. 1770. Born on 13 August 1752 at the Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Maria Carolina was the thirteenth and sixth surviving child of Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia and ruler of the Habsburg dominions, and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. [1] The second Maria Carolina also died in infancy. Di Giacomo C(1), Trimarchi F(2), Bartalena L(3). Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples and Sicily: a possible case of Graves' orbitopathy. ‘Portrait of Maria Carolina of Austria’ was created in c.1782 by Angelica Kauffman in Neoclassicism style. Put faces to the names of your loved ones at AncientFaces. Maria Carolina of Austria (28 February 1594 - 29 July 1645) was the youngest daughter of Constance Sybille of England and Rudolph II, Holy Roman Emperor. She had [read more] She was the third daughter to carry this name, as two elder sisters with the same name died in infancy. She finally quarreled with the British ambassador, Lord George Bentinck, who persuaded Ferdinand to exile her from the island (1811). Maria Carolina of Austria and other family and vintage photos from the past. Sally W. ... vivelareine: “ A portrait of Maria Elisabeth of Austria by Martin van Meytens. Influenced mainly by Acton and possibly by the execution of her sister Marie Antoinette by the French, she took Naples into the first Austro-British coalition against the French Revolution and sent Neapolitan warships to join the British fleet near Toulon (1793). Genealogy profile for Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria. The baby was buried in the Imperial Crypt. In 1748, she commissioned the painter Martin van Meytens to paint the three daughters who had died in infancy. The War of the Third Coalition brought Austria to the brink of ruin, which increased Marie Louise's resentment towards Napoleon. Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and his wife Antoinette of France every effort has been made to follow citation style,. And was a sister of Queen Marie Antoinette ’ s pro-Spanish policy a! A very interesting post about Maria Carolina became Queen of Naples had also come into conflict! – best visual art database of 3 total had four children, though not all maria carolina of austria... 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