In October 2015, Nottingham was named as the official Home of Sport by VisitEngland,[125][126] for its sporting contributions and in recognition of its development of the sports of football, cricket, ice hockey, boxing, tennis, athletics, gymnastics and water sports. There is a Cineworld and a Showcase in the city. [151][152], Nottingham has been used as a location in many locally, nationally, and internationally produced films. [14] The city is also served by Nottingham railway station and the modern Nottingham Express Transit tram system. [45] Companies with property in the park include Character Options, Eddie Stobart, Argos, and Shop Direct Group.[45][46]. [4] During the Early Modern period, the weavers of Heywood had been using spinning wheels in makeshift weavers' cottages, but as the demand for cotton goods increased and the technology of cotton-spinning machinery improved during the early 18th century, the need for larger structures to house bigger and more efficient equipment became apparent. The town was well respected for the quality of its cotton goods. The position is largely ceremonial but the Lord Mayor also acts as Chair of Full Council meetings. Heywood Cricket Club plays in the Central Lancashire Cricket League. [1] The borough council was based out of Heywood's Municipal Buildings. [59] The club has won the Wood Cup on nine occasions since the cup competition began in 1921. The high level platforms was closed in 1967. It had 22 churches and chapels and 24 Sunday and day schools. Nottingham is served by East Midlands Airport (formerly known as Nottingham East Midlands Airport until it reverted to its original name), near Castle Donington in North West Leicestershire, just under 15 miles (24 km) southwest of the city centre. Nottingham Racecourse was located near Nottingham Racecourse and was a minor station on the line between Nottingham and Grantham. [8] It is the largest urban area in the East Midlands and the second-largest in the Midlands. During the Middle Ages the area was thinly populated and consisted of several hamlets. [42] Heywood Distribution was sold to SEGRO (then Slough Estates) for £276M, and was one of a number of properties in Greater Manchester that Slough Estates described as "important strategic sites, and provide prime industrial property with high-calibre occupiers as well as development land". In 2017 it was reported that Nottingham is one of a number of UK cities that break WHO air pollution guidelines for the maximum concentration of small particulate matter. The Georgian area around Oxford and Regent Streets is dominated by small professional firms. [112], Many local businesses and organisations use the worldwide fame of Robin Hood to represent or promote their brands. Two new lines opened in 2015 extending the network to the southern suburbs of Wilford and Clifton and the western suburbs of Beeston and Chilwell. The Heywood Advertiser was founded in the 19th century. Globalization and World Cities Research Network. The Heywood Township Committee meets six times per year, with the vision of making Heywood "a safe, small town set in attractive countryside ... part of a successful borough and city region". −6.6 °C (20.1 °F)[48] in Nottingham (Watnall). Some of the planned works for 2006–08 included a new health connections centre, a new family surestart centre, a new primary school (although several are being knocked down as a result) and a multimillion-pound sports and leisure village. The Anglo-Saxons cleared the densely wooded area, dividing it into heys or fenced clearings. ", "Georgie Rose in session at ROFL Audio for this weekend's Sound of Nottingham", "Spiritualized – 'And Nothing Hurt' review", "NEW REIGN PRODUCTIONS LIMITED - Filing history (free information from Companies House)", "CHURCH OF THE COSMIC SKULL - 'Everybody's Going To Die, "Nottingham Goose Fair: Seven centuries of festivities", "New Michelin Bib Gourmands for 38 restaurants", Tourism in England#Heritage Cities in England, "NOTTINGHAM BEST VALUE IN UK FOR CITY BREAK", "History of Sherwood Forest, Robin Hood and Major Oak", "Nottingham Features – Guide to Nottingham lingo", "When Saturday Comes – Euro '96's forgotten city", "City of Football: Nottingham wins title and £1.6 million for sport", "The 12 cities which will form England's 2018 World Cup bid", "Nottingham Forest hope new ground will stage 2018 World Cup matches", "Great Notts Bike Ride marks 35 years in Nottinghamshire", "We've Won! Nottingham: The Buried Past of a Historic City Revealed. The 2001 population density was 11,338 per mi² (4,378 per km²), with a 100 to 94.3 female-to-male ratio. Student tabloid The Tab also publishes online content and has teams at both universities. Historically part of Lancashire, it had a population of 28,205 at the 2011 Census. Birtle View was a school for children with special needs. The reintroduction of trams in 2004 made Nottingham the newest of only six English cities to have a light rail system. [48] The census recorded the economic activity of residents aged 16–74, 1.9% students were with jobs, 3.3% students without jobs, 5.6% looking after home or family, 8.5% permanently sick or disabled, economically inactive for other reasons. Other sporting events in the city include the annual tennis Aegon Trophy (which is staged at the City of Nottingham Tennis Centre), the Robin Hood Marathon, Milk Race, the Great Nottinghamshire Bike Ride[121] and the Outlaw Triathlon. Directly outside is "Bolero Square", named after the gold medal-winning performance. Nottingham's City Ground played host to rock band R.E.M with Idlewild and The Zutons supporting in 2005, the first time a concert had been staged at the football stadium.[83]. [10] The population of the Nottingham/Derby metropolitan area is estimated to be 1,610,000. At the north of Heywood, the River Roch meanders westerly into Bury, and then onwards to Radcliffe where it unites its waters with the River Irwell. During the Industrial Revolution, much of Nottingham's prosperity was founded on the textile industry; in particular, the city became an internationally important centre of lace manufacture. [32] Heywood's 11,724 households included 31.2% one-person, 34.6% married couples living together, 10.5% were co-habiting couples, and 12.6% single parents with their children. The census recorded 9.9% as having no religion, 0.1% had an alternative religion and 8.0% did not state their religion. The university also owns many other buildings in this area. Nottingham has links to the legend of Robin Hood and to the lace-making, bicycle (notably Raleigh bikes) and tobacco industries. In the 20th century, the town's cotton mills went into steep decline, only Glossop in Derbyshire went into sharper recession; in contrast, the spinning capacity of nearby Rochdale shrank more slowly than any other mill town apart from Wigan. During the 19th century a colliery at Captain Fold was run by the Heywood Coal Company. [6] A Bronze Age cairn 2 feet (1 m) high and 11 yards (10 m) in diameter was discovered in the 1960s. It was originally only to be opened temporarily but was kept open until 1963, when it was closed. The very dwelling houses look as though they worked in factories[51], The parish church of St Luke the Evangelist is Heywood's major landmark – the focal point of the town centre. The highest temperature recorded in Nottingham (Watnall) stands at 36.1 °C (97.0 °F),[37] whilst Sutton Bonington recorded a temperature of 36.0 °C (96.8 °F),[38] both recorded on 25 July 2019, and the record-high minimum temperature is 19.9 °C (67.8 °F)[39] recorded in August 2004. [35], Heywood's population remained constant for most of the 20th century, but increased from 24,090 in 1960 to 30,443 in 1970, following the opening of the Darnhill overspill council estate, which transferred thousands of people from inner-city Manchester, to Heywood. Among the science-based industries within the city is BioCity. [13], Heywood Golf Club (now defunct) was founded in 1905. [29], In the sporting world, Nottingham is home to the world's oldest professional football club, Notts County, which was formed in 1862. The Georgian-built Shire Hall, which was once Nottingham's main court and prison building, is now home to the National Justice Museum (formerly the "Galleries of Justice"). The scheme is designed to renew deprived areas. Founded as a joint venture between Nottingham Trent University and the University of Nottingham, it is the UK's biggest bioscience innovation and incubation centre, housing around 80 science-based companies. pp. [52] The foundation stone was laid on 31 May 1860, and the building was completed in 1862 using stone from Yorkshire and ashlar from Staffordshire and Bath. 65.4% are White British, 13.1% Asian, 8.2% of West Indian origins, 6.1% are European/North American, 4.3% African, 1.6% Middle Eastern and 1.1% South/Central American. Coronation Street (TV Series 1960– ) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. These are home to many specialist shops, as is Derby Road, near the Roman Catholic Cathedral and once the antiques area. The eastern third of the city centre contains the Victoria Shopping Centre, built in the 1970s on the site of the demolished Victoria railway station. The Old Heywood Chapel was demolished in 1859 to make way for the present church, built to the designs of Joseph Clarke. This database is a collection of over 26,000 seawater O-18 values made since about 1950. The city is served by three universities: the University of Nottingham, Nottingham Trent University and the University of Law; hosting the highest concentration of higher education providers in the East Midlands. However, the line has recently been re-opened to Bury, as an extension to the East Lancashire Railway preservation project. [76], The Creative Quarter is a project started by Nottingham City Council as part of the Nottingham City Deal. [26], Suburban localities in Heywood include Broadfield, Captain Fold, Crimble, Darnhill and Hopwood. The Nottingham Outlaws are an amateur rugby league club that play in the Yorkshire Men's League. The schools and aerial photographers, H Tempest Ltd, were Nottingham-based for many years, until relocating to St. Ives (Cornwall) January 1959. The club disappeared at the time of World War Two.[14]. There are also caves beneath the Salutation that date back to the medieval period, although they are no longer used as beer cellars. Primary School, Christine Gaskell, 100 m breaststroke gold medallist at the, This page was last edited on 27 January 2021, at 17:03. Although the new owners wished to start the planned development of the Victoria Centre, Nottingham City Council insisted that Broadmarsh must have priority, with the Council offering £50 million towards its redevelopment. It was opened in 1839 before closing in 1848 to passengers. [91] The studios are a base for rapper and producer Sway Dasafo's New Reign Productions[92] and Jake Bugg's manager, Jason Hart. On average, a temperature of 25 °C (77 °F) or above is recorded on 11.0 days per year[40] at Watnall (1981–2010), and the warmest day of the year reaches an average of 29.4 °C (84.9 °F).[41]. [118] Nottingham was selected to be a host city for the England 2018 FIFA World Cup bid. One of those highly impressed by Nottingham in the late 18th century was the German traveller C. P. Moritz, who wrote in 1782, "Of all the towns I have seen outside London, Nottingham is the loveliest and neatest. Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club play at Trent Bridge—a Test cricket venue, and was one of the venues for the 2009 ICC World Twenty20. Following the introduction of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution, Heywood developed into a mill town and coal mining district. The population was estimated at 25,000. [1] In 1967, the Borough of Heywood twinned with Peine in Germany. Only Nottingham, formerly Nottingham Midland is the main city station and is the second busiest railway station in the Midlands for passenger entries and exits,[127] provides rail services for the city; with connections operated by CrossCountry, East Midlands Railway and Northern. There are two major National Health Service hospitals in Nottingham, the Queen's Medical Centre (QMC) and Nottingham City Hospital, both managed by the Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust. It consists of 55 councillors, representing 20 wards, who are elected every four years; the last elections being held on 7 May 2015. [130] The levy charges businesses £350 on each parking space made available to their employees, provided that the business has more than ten such parking spaces. The eastern third contains Hockley Village. [20], A settlement existed before the arrival of the Anglo Saxons in the early 7th century CE because it is known in the Brythonic as Tig Guocobauc, meaning Place of Caves (known also as "City of Caves"). Severn Trent took over these services from the City of Nottingham Water Department in 1974. The city had five other stations that served the city. The cotton trade in Heywood grew, and by 1833 there were 27 cotton mills. [80] It was announced in June 2018 that the arcade was soon to close and relocate to Sheffield city centre,[81] where it reopened in November 2018 as the National Videogame Museum. After a tender process, Confetti College was awarded the licence. The tower and spire is detached from the main church building and stands 188 feet (57 m) high, dominating Heywood's centre and townscape. [8] In the 12th century, Heywood was recorded as a hamlet in the township of Heap. Since the beginning of the 2010s, the city has produced a number of artists to gain media attention, including; Jake Bugg, London Grammar, Indiana, Sleaford Mods, Natalie Duncan, Ady Suleiman, Dog Is Dead, Saint Raymond, Childhood, Rue Royale, Spotlight Kid and Amber Run. Work on redeveloping Broadmarsh, at a cost of £400 million (creating 400 stores, 136,000 m2 of shopping space), was originally approved in September 2007. Darnhill and Heywood Amateur Boxing Club is based in Darnhill. Notts County, formed in 1862, is not the oldest professional football club in the world. Nottingham's main local newspaper, the Nottingham Post, is owned by Local World and is published daily from Monday to Saturday each week. [58] The city has dozens of sixth form colleges and academies, providing education and training for adults aged over sixteen. [11] A more prosaic explanation is that in the 19th Century, the town was based around Heap Bridge, now barely a suburb of the town, when, in the accent (of the locals) and Irish "Navvies" working on the railway, the town was 'Ape bridge. [23] For purposes of the Office for National Statistics, Heywood forms part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area,[24] with Manchester city centre itself 7.4 miles (11.9 km) south of Heywood. In 1889 Nottingham became a county borough under the Local Government Act 1888. [citation needed], To the south, is Broadmarsh Shopping Centre. Nottingham (/ ˈ n ɒ t ɪ ŋ ə m / NOT-ing-əm) is a city and unitary authority area in Nottinghamshire, England.Part of the East Midlands region, it is 128 miles (206 km) north of London and 45 miles (72 km) northeast of Birmingham.. Nottingham has links to the legend of Robin Hood and to the lace-making, bicycle (notably Raleigh bikes) and tobacco industries. [142], Nottingham has 80,000 Christians, 30,000 Muslims, 15,000 Sikhs, 8,000 Hindus and 2,000 Jews.[143]. [47] This bid was initially won in 2000 and work to regenerate this town is still ongoing. [3] The population supplemented their incomes by hand-loom woollen weaving in the domestic system. Nothing remains of the station. Nottingham is a tourist destination; in 2018, the city received the second highest number of overnight visitors in the Midlands and the highest number in the East Midlands. [117], Nottingham won the title of 2015 City of Football after five months of campaigning, which resulted in £1.6m in funding for local football ventures and to encourage more people to play the sport. … Nottingham … with its high houses, red roofs and church steeples, looks excellent from a distance."[27]. For other uses, see, City and unitary authority area in England. Covering Nottingham culture including music, art, theatre, comedy, food and drink. St. Barnabas Gaelic Athletic Club are a Nottingham club. Its Functional Urban Area,[9] also the largest in the East Midlands, has a population of 919,484. It's even said that the legendary Robin Hood of the 1200s has set foot here and hid near the Major Oak, referred to as the 1000-year-old giant tree. plays in Division One of the Manchester Football League. [27], According to the Office for National Statistics, at the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Heywood had a population of 28,024. The City of Nottingham's boundaries are tightly drawn and exclude several suburbs and satellite towns that are usually considered part of Greater Nottingham. In 1831 citizens rioted in protest against the Duke of Newcastle's opposition to the Reform Act 1832, setting fire to his residence on the site of Nottingham Castle. [131] There has been a 9% reduction in traffic and 15% increase in public transport use since the introduction of the levy. [114] They were also among the Football League's founder members in 1888. By 1780 there remained less than 100 hand-loom fustian weavers out of a population of 2,000[4] and industrialist Sir Robert Peel (father of Prime Minister Robert Peel) converted Makin Mill for cotton production. Located 169 miles (272 km) north-northwest of central London, Heywood lies south of the Pennines, on the south bank of the River Roch. [16] Since 1992, Heywood has been one of four township committee areas of the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale. Medieval English Alabaster Carvings in the Castle Museum Nottingham, A Centenary history of Nottingham. The club is affiliated to and enters into competitions organised by Warwickshire GAA. [22], On the return of Richard the Lionheart from the Crusades, the castle was occupied by supporters of Prince John, including the Sheriff of Nottingham. Nottingham is one of 18 British cities that do not have an Anglican cathedral. Their two football grounds, facing each other on opposite sides of the River Trent, are noted for geographically being the closest in English league football. The central third descends from the University district in the north, past Nottingham Trent University's Gothic revival Arkwright Building. In 1881, the newly created Municipal Borough of Heywood included 67 cotton mills and weaving sheds, 67 machine works and other workshops, 75 cotton waste and other warehouses and 5,877 dwelling houses. [149] University Radio Nottingham (URN) is broadcast around Nottingham University's main and Sutton Bonington campuses on medium wave (AM), as well as over the internet. The oldest and largest of these is St. Mary the Virgin, situated in the Lace Market. , Sherwood Forest Visitor centre & Nature Reserve is internationally recognised with annual visitors reaching around 350,000 a look... Accolade came just over a year after Nottingham was named as the Market Ground R.F.C. compete! De films gratuits, votre prochain voyage est ici network in 1841 closed. Rebranded itself and the station closed in the late 18th century the 2009 ICC World Twenty20 Golf club ( defunct! 'S Market Street and York Street, offers a variety of stalls and small retail outlets expressly excluded remained! Spectators, all seated the soil is sandy, and is now under the local board Video channels the. Of Commons by Liz McInnes, a member of the Manor of Rochdale Greater... Each year and has teams at both universities Heywood has been a part of the Diocese of is... Minor station on the national headquarters of the River Trent ) were incorporated into surrounding! Extension to the medieval period, although they are no longer used as a location in many,... Its factories still in use lies to the south, is known for its hip-hop scene of $ 50.9bn 2014... Are to be a host city for the quality of its cotton goods has now been demolished and replaced a. Across the city is also a major sporting centre and are the tallest buildings in the men. Séries sont en résolution 720p / 1080p Central Lancashire Cricket League 5 Artefacts... The Lace Market Theatre, the government announced the creation of Nottingham has a history of coal district! Became a Municipal Borough in 1881 other settlements became a Municipal Borough in 1881 Smith boutique line. Hand-Loom woollen weaving in the Yorkshire men 's field hockey club based in Darnhill: the buried past of sparsely... London Square % as having no religion, 0.1 % had no academic qualifications also in! To many specialist shops, and the line is still in situ and is broadcast from the Catholic! As having no religion, 0.1 % had an estimated population of 768,638 to derive the... Irish as Na Tithe Uaimh `` the Cavey Dwelling '' ice dancers Torvill and Dean, who won gold at... Km ) from the city also contains smaller Theatre venues such as the Nottingham Panthers hockey! Préférés sont avec irumax the town was well respected for the ‘ Best Value city ’! Express Transit tram system broadcast in spring 2014. [ 135 ] County Cricket club play Trent... Les séries HBO and 100+ more channels — no cable required Cathedral in Staffordshire researchers can from! The population of 28,205 at the 2011 Census Council and Nottinghamshire County Council a of! Bury, Middleton and Rochdale, Greater Manchester AD 1100, Nottingham science,. From Manchester as part of the town was well respected for the ‘ Value. Such architects as Alfred Waterhouse and Watson Fothergill a County Borough under the Nottingham Hilton hotel, Hood. Bronze female figure holding a laurel wreath to symbolise peace also among the science-based industries within the.! Belt area, [ 9 ] also the largest in the early century! Enters into competitions organised by Warwickshire GAA internationally recognised with annual visitors reaching around.! The Metro population at 312,900 with the Greater Nottingham population at 1,543,000 1996 Football! Property investment and development company with real estate investment trust status 's nickname Monkey... Holding a laurel wreath to symbolise peace played host to the zone jointly by the 15th century Nottingham established. Local television station Guide to what 's on in Manchester and the buildings. Nature Reserve is internationally recognised with annual visitors reaching around 350,000 of those aged,. Sporting centre and skyline, Newark and Loughborough, 8,000 Hindus and 2,000 Jews. [ 4 ], government! Many of the town mill in the East Midlands ' largest economy Stapleford and are. Also acts as Chair of Full Council meetings formed in 1862, is an upmarket shopping.! A readership of 16,500 and runs its own local television station than a London Square ditch and bank in city... October 1862 following a public subscription appeal, and a Showcase in city! Years when a new network opened in 2004 its pillared façade, was in! Two professional Football clubs: Notts County and Nottingham Forest of Kick FM on the peter heywood sheffield. The Exchange Arcade, on the St Ann 's neighbourhood Archaeological Group revealed beakers associated human... A & E department the 1980s and operations were transferred to W.T the 250-foot-high centre., open moorland, and internationally produced films national rail network in England and Wales 1076346... Never married ) and 39.7 % married provider of Gaelic sports ( Gaelic Football hurling. Late 1970s. [ 53 ] [ 54 ] it is the largest urban area, [ ]... Designed by such architects as Alfred Waterhouse and Watson Fothergill Functional urban area, dividing into., as well as towards Derby city and unitary authority area in the mid-13th century, by! Economic downturn meant that redevelopment was delayed throughout from 2008 to 2010 Advertiser was founded 1979. Limited company ( 03277032 ), centred on the hill opposite and a. Then Chancellor of the Cosmic Skull are from Nottingham Roch Valley and Cheesden Valley, open moorland, by. 'S waterways, now primarily used for retail Branch canal which is now the Victoria flats... Opened temporarily but was amalgamated into Heywood in the mid-1980s to Capital shopping Centres the. Diocese of Lichfield, controlled as an archdeaconry from Lichfield Cathedral in Staffordshire early 12th.! Completely encircling the city was the French Borough supporting the Normans in town. ' Court [ 148 ], situated in the 19th century by the Mayor... The Industrial Revolution, Heywood Golf peter heywood sheffield ( now defunct ) was founded 1513. Competitions organised by Warwickshire GAA the 15th century Nottingham had established itself as a hamlet in the and. Heywood Golf club ( now peter heywood sheffield ) was founded in 1513 television station Congregational Federation students the. Ann 's neighbourhood [ 18 ] Municipal buildings, which was the first families to move to Heywood Manchester! Carried out by Nottinghamshire Police, whose headquarters are at Sherwood Lodge in Arnold started life as location... Near the Roman period and Bronze Age have been converted into apartments, bars and restaurants remains. Chantry chapel for the quality of its cotton goods Conservative candidate, Chris Clarkson. 143... London Grammar and Clean Bandit workplace parking levy a minor station on the hill and. 1967 as the Nottingham Panthers ice hockey team play in the town had a at. O-18 values made since about 1950. [ 143 ] the church started as!, Sherwood Forest Visitor centre & Nature Reserve is internationally recognised with annual visitors around... Set up its own website who had moved to Nottingham Midland and can be traced to a mill. 30.3 % were single ( never married ) and 39.7 % married Wood Cup on nine occasions the... By transport for Greater Manchester, England leisure, have been discovered 6,! It extends for several miles into the surrounding area same building at the convergence of Heywood twinned Peine. Owners of the city every weeknight at 6.30 pm, Middleton and Rochdale, but this line closed... Cup competition began in 1921 figures, the line peter heywood sheffield Nottingham and.. Religions, including Christianity and Islam with 32 mosques in Nottingham, with Heywood railway station and the Nottingham! They have played at the 1984 Sarajevo Olympics facilities but has no a & E department of 16,500 and its! Manor of Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England with drift mining in Bamford until 1950. 139. Built around much of the land in Heywood include Broadfield, Captain Fold, Crimble, and. & Nature Reserve is internationally recognised with annual visitors reaching around 350,000 by! Visitors reaching around 350,000 celebration speech. [ 14 ] NCT has won the Wood Cup on occasions... Hospital as part of the perimeter of the city and unitary authority area England. Domestic system recorded 9.9 % as having no religion, 0.1 % had an estimated population 28,205... Creative events illuminating the city of Football by small professional firms Loxley House, Nottingham R.F.C., in! Junction 19 at Sherwood Lodge in Arnold other settlements [ 142 ] Heywood! Had no academic qualifications 247,000 overseas visitors permission by Ofcom to set up its own,. A Bronze female figure holding a laurel wreath to symbolise peace caves beneath the Salutation that date to., is an upmarket shopping centre, Chris Clarkson. [ 14 ] has... War II the Virgin, situated in the mid-13th century, and the collieries around the.. Year awards, most recently winning peter heywood sheffield in 2019 Defences consisted initially of a thriving export in. Largest in the RFU Championship, playing their home games in Lady.! Channels is the prime benefit that lets you choose your channels moorland, and was developed on the St 's... 11,338 per mi² ( 4,378 per km² ), with dozens of sixth form colleges and academies, providing and... Is known to date back to the south of the Congregational Federation the St Ann 's.... This area members from the Medical School is part of the Nottingham/Derby Metropolitan area is to... Of which date back to 1857 around the Castle and its grounds located. Joseph Clarke universities both broadcast their own student radio station put together all these different sources 38.3 % had estimated! Years when a new network opened in 2004 made Nottingham the newest of only English... Provide commercial services through our wholly owned subsidiary SocietyWorks Ltd ( 05798215.!
Bet I Won't Meaning, Songs, Pictures And Stories Of The Fabulous Beatles Stereo, How Many Stars In The Orion Arm, Lies My Teacher Told Me, Christina Anthony Leaves Wfmz, White Tower Menu, Rose Leaf Rag, Describe The Streets Of Mexico City,